| Abstract
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Wikis provide new opportunities for learni … Wikis provide new opportunities for learning and for collaborative knowledge
building as well as for understanding these processes. This article presents a theoretical
framework for describing how learning and collaborative knowledge building take place. In
order to understand these processes, three aspects need to be considered: the social
processes facilitated by a wiki, the cognitive processes of the users, and how both processes
influence each other mutually. For this purpose, the model presented in this article borrows
from the systemic approach of Luhmann as well as from Piaget’s theory of equilibration
and combines these approaches. The model analyzes processes which take place in the
social system of a wiki as well as in the cognitive systems of the users. The model also
describes learning activities as processes of externalization and internalization. Individual
learning happens through internal processes of assimilation and accommodation, whereas
changes in a wiki are due to activities of external assimilation and accommodation which in
turn lead to collaborative knowledge building. This article provides empirical examples for
these equilibration activities by analyzing Wikipedia articles. Equilibration activities are
described as being caused by subjectively perceived incongruities between an individuals’
knowledge and the information provided by a wiki. Incongruities of medium level cause
cognitive conflicts which in turn activate the described processes of equilibration and
facilitate individual learning and collaborative knowledge building.ning and collaborative knowledge building.
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| Added by wikilit team
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Added on initial load +
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| Collected data time dimension
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Longitudinal +
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| Conclusion
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In this article we developed a model which … In this article we developed a model which helps us to better understand collaborative knowledge building with wikis. For this purpose we combined Luhmann’s systems theory with Piaget’s cognitive theory. Luhmann’s approach is very thorough with respect to social systems, whereas Piaget’s theory primarily focuses on cognitive development. Consequently, it was clearly necessary to examine whether the processes described by Piaget could be translated into social systems in order to better understand collaborative knowledge building.
The model attempts to demonstrate the interplay of the social system wiki and individuals’ cognitive systems. This consideration of the structural coupling of social and cognitive systems illustrates collaborative knowledge building with artifacts and might be a fertile approach for CSCL researchht be a fertile approach for CSCL research
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| Data source
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Wikipedia pages +
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| Doi
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10.1007/s11412-007-9035-z +
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| Google scholar url
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http://scholar.google.com/scholar?ie=UTF-8&q=%22A%2Bsystemic%2Band%2Bcognitive%2Bview%2Bon%2Bcollaborative%2Bknowledge%2Bbuilding%2Bwith%2Bwikis%22 +
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| Has author
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Ulrike Cress +
, Joachim Kimmerle +
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| Has domain
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Knowledge management +
, Psychology +
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| Has topic
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Deliberative collaboration +
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| Issue
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2 +
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| Month
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June +
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| Pages
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105-122 +
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| Peer reviewed
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Yes +
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| Publication type
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Journal article +
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| Published in
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International Journal of Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning +
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| Research design
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Case study +
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| Research questions
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This article presents a theoretical framew … This article presents a theoretical framework for describing how learning and collaborative knowledge building take place. In order to understand these processes, three aspects need to be considered: the social processes facilitated by a wiki, the cognitive processes of the users, and how both processes influence each other mutually.h processes influence each other mutually.
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| Revid
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11,156 +
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| Theories
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For this purpose, the model presented in t … For this purpose, the model presented in this article borrows from the systemic approach of Luhmann as well as from Piaget’s theory of equilibration and combines these approaches.
In the remainder of this article we will present a theoretical model of collaborative knowledge building with wikis by assuming a systemic perspective. In this context we will discuss the differential modes of operation in social and cognitive systems.
For this purpose we borrow perspectives from systems theoretical approaches (cf. Luhmann 1984, 1995, 1997; von Bertalanffy 1950, 1968). According to Luhmann’s sociological systems theory social systems can be distinguished from cognitive systems. In this section we will first of all outline the functionality of a social system, and then we will address the functionality of cognitive systems. After that, we will describe the processes responsible for transitions between the social system and people’s cognitive systems. In this context, we distinguish the process of externalization from the process of internalization, and we describe both processes in detail. In order to present our ideas as comprehensibly as possible, we will first introduce the major concepts on a general level, and then we will explain them in more detail, applying real-life examples from Wikipedia.
The equilibrium theory describes the way people try to maintain a balance between the environmental information on the one hand and their prior knowledge on the other hand. If information is new and not in line with existing knowledge this incongruity causes a cognitive conflict. When information cannot be promptly decoded and integrated into existing knowledge, people have to adapt to this new environment (cf. also the taxonomy of responses in anomalous data provided by Chinn and Brewer 1993, 1998). Piaget points out that such cognitive conflicts can lead to new knowledge.itive conflicts can lead to new knowledge.
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| Theory type
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Design and action +
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| Title
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A systemic and cognitive view on collaborative knowledge building with wikis
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| Unit of analysis
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Article +
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| Url
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11412-007-9035-z +
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| Volume
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3 +
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| Wikipedia coverage
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Sample data +
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| Wikipedia data extraction
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Live Wikipedia +
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| Wikipedia language
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English +
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| Wikipedia page type
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Article +
, History +
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| Year
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2008 +
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| Creation dateThis property is a special property in this wiki.
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15 March 2012 18:41:20 +
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| Categories |
Deliberative collaboration +
, Knowledge management +
, Psychology +
, Publications with missing comments +
, Publications +
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| Modification dateThis property is a special property in this wiki.
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6 February 2014 16:41:59 +
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